The use of ball screw enables the machine tool to realize the accurate exchange between the rotary motion and the linear motion. Before we understand the working principle, we should first know which parts it is composed of.

對于普通的滾珠絲桿，它的部件無外乎絲桿、螺母、滾道、螺母柱以及更為關鍵的滾珠。這幾樣東西是缺一不可的，少了任何一個部件都不能讓滾珠絲桿正常工作，而且每個部件的加工尺寸都必須按照標準來進行，只有相互搭配好了之后才可以安裝在機床設備上使用。了解了滾珠絲桿的結構狀況我們就能夠更好地理解它的工作原理了，既然它上面會有螺母，那么螺母在絲桿上的行程肯定要有它獨特的軌跡，這種軌跡是需要人為創造的，螺母本身沒有任何創造軌跡的能力。

For ordinary ball screw, its components include screw, nut, raceway, nut column and the most important ball. These things are indispensable. Without any part, the ball screw can not work normally. Moreover, the processing size of each part must be carried out according to the standard. Only after matching each other can they be installed on the machine tool. If we understand the structure of the ball screw, we can better understand its working principle. Since there will be nuts on it, the stroke of the nut on the screw must have its own unique track, which needs to be created artificially. The nut itself has no ability to create trajectory.
 

我們都知道，螺母是有一定規則的內螺紋的，這個螺紋可以幫助螺母固定而且可以在絲桿上面移動，所以絲桿上面就一定要有與之匹配的外螺紋作為螺母行徑的軌跡，這就是螺旋槽，它在絲桿上面呈現出的形狀是弧形的，而且是緊密排列開的。

As we all know, the nut has a certain regular internal thread, which can help the nut to fix and move on the screw rod. Therefore, there must be a matching external thread on the screw rod as the path of the nut. This is the spiral groove. The shape of the screw on the screw rod is curved and closely arranged.

螺旋槽的尺寸規格必須和螺母的規格一一對應，當這幾樣東西裝配在一起的時候就行了一個滾道，被命名為螺旋滾道。那么，滾珠又是安裝在什么地方的呢，從滾珠絲桿的運動軌跡就可以看出，滾珠是裝在滾道里面的，而且數量也比較多。再加上一個回珠管實現了循環。

The size of the spiral groove must correspond to the specification of the nut one by one. When these things are assembled together, a raceway is formed, which is called spiral raceway. Then, where is the ball installed? From the trajectory of the ball screw, we can see that the ball is installed in the raceway, and the number is relatively large. Finally, a return bead tube is added to realize the circulation.